Public Education
As early as the United States is the British colony of education is very seriously, to 1775, the British colony of 260 people, but 13, but has been emulated in Oxford, Cambridge and other universities founded Harvard, Yale and other 9 colleges, the colonial period of primary education is quite developed. Several colonies in the northern part of the (Massachusetts) as the representative, in particular attention to education, the authorities have issued a decree in 1647, as long as there are 50 people in the town should be set up a primary school, so the city school in the northern part of the rise. The local authorities for and education intervention approach, more than its suzerain - the Church of England school policy, the national quality advantage lay in one fell swoop!
MAIN LEADER: Horace Mann
Horace Man is an American educator and politician. Was in Brown University. After graduating from the study of law, and the selection and state legislature. When the state education minister to actively support the reform of education, in a democratic society, education should be free, universal, non discriminatory policies and the use of trained professional teachers. Horace Man believes that public education is the best way to teach children the sense of responsibility and morality. He actively promote the development of public schools, and received partial support for social reform, especially the Whig Party and support. Horace Man's emphasis on the normal school has caused the attention of many states. Because of his pioneering contribution to the development of American public schools, he is known as the father of American public education ".
In this world, there is almost no one who has no one knows the United States of America's declaration of Independence: all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights, including the right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness." When us excited to hear this in the history of mankind's greatest voice, please don't forget the United States also has a greatness, that is advertised by the constitution to education culture citizens of the country. In order to promote education, they first adopted by the British Lancaster Monitorial system. 1818 Lancaster I also invited to the United States to preach the Monitorial system. English education can not meet the requirements of the new state of education. In 1843, Horace Mann, Horace Mann, the then chairman of the Massachusetts education minister) study in Germany, before the introduction of the Prussian teaching system of that time, and vigorously promote the idea of Rousseau, Pestalozzi and other European educators, elementary schools across the United States gradually began to adopt Western Europe's most advanced teaching system.
After the civil war, the pace of development of the higher education in the United States is stridden faster, during this period, the newly established colleges and universities have 200. It side learning then attaches importance to the European academic model -- the University of Berlin. In 1876 creation of Johns Hopkins University, the establishment of University Research Institute, dedicated to advanced studies; side according to Congress in 1861, 1890, the two "Mo Lei toli", by Congress dial, funding to states Daban agricultural (industry) industry and trade (Art) college and quickly train a large number of suitable for the development of industry and agriculture requires specialized personnel, the now world-famous Massachusetts Science Institute, Cornell University resulting. At the beginning of the workers and peasants, do, because many poor students to study in, has been ridiculed as "cattle baby College", in the "civilians" aspects of the higher education greatly lead ahead of Europe. Facts have proved that the poor man's desire for wealth is far higher than that of the rich! This is for the United States created a group of dare to the risk-taking and innovation talent of high knowledge, when their desire for wealth and lust are lit, the volcano is, that is the tsunami, that is the second industrial revolution climax!
After the civil war, the public school is the 4 year of the two aspects of the students' entrance and employment requirements. As a result, the students have been preparing for the main duty, the curriculum is changing and strengthening natural science and practical subjects. Public secondary school is gradually taking the job as the main responsibility, the course will change, and strengthen the natural science and practical subjects, which is a significant feature of the United States of america. Not only that, in 1880, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology founded the industrial middle school, in 1888, Minnesota's first agricultural high school, after all kinds of vocational schools continue to emerge in large numbers. Because of the secular concept of the Europeans and do not like vocational school, to "equality" as the faith of Americans, there is no such historical burden. Occupation high school has created a number of industrialist and inventor of the first aircraft inventor Wright brothers is one of them.
According to statistics, 1870-1940, the United States increased by 3 times, while the middle school students have increased by 90 times. Was the slogan is: "secondary education for all school-age youth open the door" to the 1918 American high school has grown to more than 20000, and the large population of 1.2 billion, China to 1998 only slightly over 1 million high school. This shows that the United States of high efficiency, high technology, high output is technology, rely on advanced education. Today, the method of the basic education in the United States on the basis of Dewey education after several improvements, education slogan is: "don't let a child left behind", States will be 40% of the revenue from tax for education. In the last century, the 80's monopoly of about 70% of the patent invention, more than 70% of the Nobel prize for Natural Sciences, the total number of Olympic medals.
